Let Quiz 2, Health & Biomechanics - Pathophysiology

1

While caring for an older adult client, a nurse finds that the client is in the initial stage of presbycusis. Which instruction by the nurse to the client's family member would be most beneficial to the client?

2

The herpes virus flares up during times of stress

3

_____ kidney disease is the development of numerous fluid-filled pockets of tissue within the kidney

4

Which of the following medications helps treat the inflammatory reaction of asthma clients diagnosed with late-phase asthma response?

5

Hepatitis _____ was formerly called serum hepatitis

6

What are the causes of secondary gout? Select all that apply

7

A child with coarctation of the aorta (COA) is scheduled for a chest x-ray. Which observation in the x-ray report confirms the condition?

8

Which of the following processes associated with cellular injury is most likely to be reversible?

9

When skin is broken, germs can enter. Transmission of infectious agents is directly related to the:

10

The client asks the health care provider to explain phagocytosis. The provider will respond, "Phagocytosis:

Ans: D
Feedback:
Phagocytosis, which means "cell eating," involves the engulfment and subsequent killing or degradation of microorganisms and other particulate matter. Certain cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, are adept at engulfing and disposing of invading organisms, damaged cells, and unneeded extracellular constituents. An example of cotransport occurs in the intestine, where the absorption of glucose and amino acids is coupled with sodium transport. The process of diffusion describes particle movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, resulting in an equal distribution of permeable substances across the cell membrane. Ion channels are integral proteins that span the width of the membrane and are normally composed of several polypeptides or protein subunits that form a gating system. Specific stimuli cause the protein subunits to undergo conformational changes to form an open channel or gate through which the ions can move.

11

This vulvar disease is pathogenetically related to infection with

12

Treatment for acne includes vitamin _____ derivatives to unclog pores and decrease inflammation

13

A client presents to the orthopedic clinic for evaluation since the primary care provider thinks the client may have rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which statement by the client correlates with the diagnosis of RA? Select all that apply

Ans: A, B, C
Feedback:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joint involvement usually is symmetric and polyarticular. Pain with turning door knobs, opening jars, and buttoning shirts is commonly reported due to swelling of the wrists and small joints of the hand. Hyperextension of the PIP joint and partial flexion of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint is called a swan neck deformity. As the RA inflammatory process progresses, synovial cells and subsynovial tissues undergo reactive hyperplasia. With osteoarthritis (OA), joint changes result from the inflammation caused when the cartilage attempts to repair itself, creating osteophytes or spurs. Raynaud phenomenon (a vascular disorder characterized by reversible vasospasm of the arteries supplying the fingers) and telangiectasia (dilated skin capillaries) are characteristic of scleroderma.

14

The inflammatory process is specific to certain types of trauma and does not occur in all forms of trauma

15

Symptoms of overproduction of thyroxine include all of the following EXCEPT:

16

A client is brought to the hospital because of severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The client reports increased pain in the abdomen and in the epigastric region radiating to the back when lying supine

17

A chronic kidney disease (CKD) client asks the nurse, "Why do I itch all the time?" The nurse bases her response on which of the following integumentary physiologic factors that causes pruritis? Select all that apply

18

Urinary calculi may cause no symptoms, unless they are larger than _____ in diameter

19

_____ is defined as high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine after 20 weeks of pregnancy in a woman who previously had normal blood pressure

20

How should a nurse document a client's heart murmur that begins just before S2 and ends at S2?

21

Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?

22

Which of the following would be considered functions of the skin? Select all that apply

23

Cataracts are commonly treated with surgery

24

Colorectal cancer grows _____

25

A 77-year-old woman has been brought to the emergency department by her daughter because of a sudden and unprecedented onset of confusion

26

Which of the following clients have a pathophysiologic process capable of causing fever by inducing the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply

27

Encephalitis is the inflammation of the coverings of the brain and spinal cord

28

Which of the following individuals should be prioritized for receiving a seasonal influenza vaccination?

29

_____ or hospital-acquired infections are infections acquired in a healthcare facility

30

The nurse is caring for a client with mood and behavioral problems. What is the reason behind the mood and behavioral problems in the client?

31

Which organs or parts of the fetus develop during the 5th week of pregnancy? Select all that apply

32

Laser photocoagulation is effective in the treatment for:

33

The most common identifiable cause of neonatal hepatitis is

34

List three risk factors that can impact mental health

Answer:
1. Genes may influence the development of some mental disorders; therefore, having a parent or sibling with a mental disorder may increase the risk of developing a mental disorder.
2. Environmental factors like damage from exposure to alcohol, illegal drugs, infections, toxins, brain injury, oxygen deprivation, and poor nutrition may negatively affect the development of the fetus and may contribute to the onset of mental disorders.
3. Children that experience stress from poverty, abuse, and neglect may be vulnerable to developing mental health disorders.
4. Experiencing brain damage as a result of a serious brain injury may increase the risk of developing mental disorders.
5. Traumatic life events such as death of a parent, war, tragic accidents, and other devastating events can have a traumatic effect on emotional well-being.
6. Chronic or disabling illness can cause isolation and loss of necessary support from family and friends.
7. Alcohol and drug abuse may cause or exacerbate preexisting mental health disorders.

35

The client is an average-sized adult and has abnormal microcytic hypochromic red blood cells due to a long-term, chronic disease. Which of the following complete blood count (CBC) results is characteristic of her type of anemia?

36

Symptoms of osteomyelitis include all of the following EXCEPT:

37

Accumulation of LDL forms a _____ or thick hard deposit that narrows arteries and impedes blood flow

38

_____, more commonly known as the flu, is an acute, highly contagious respiratory infection

39

_____ is a condition in which endometrial tissue from the uterus becomes embedded outside the uterus

40

A group of elderly residents were commenting on how many cell functions decline with age

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Let Quiz 2, Health & Biomechanics - Pathophysiology

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