Mr. Jenkins spent the afternoon working and sweating in the yard on a hot summer day. Explain why he should avoid waiting until the end of completing his yard work to consume large amounts of water to quench his thirst
What will be an ideal response?
Dehydration may be treated by consuming pure water, but this should be approached with caution. If water is consumed in moderate amounts, it will mildly dilute the extracellular fluid (ECF), making it slightly hypotonic to the cytosol. This will trigger a shift of water back into the cells, rehydrating them. However, if large amounts of water are consumed in a short period of time, the ECF can become overly dilute, causing too much water to enter the cells and resulting in cellular swelling. Overhydration, also known as hypotonic hydration, results when the volume of the ECF increases and its osmotic pressure falls. Cells exposed to the hypotonic ECF swell as water enters the cells by osmosis and edema can result.
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Match each substance with its primary mode of transport across the kidney epithelium.
1. sodium 2. glucose 3. urea 4. small plasma proteins A. transcytosis B. active transport C. symport with a cation D. passive reabsorption/diffusion
__________________________________________________ are the simplest carbohydrates
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Adults who are GH deficient tend to have reduced skeletal __________ mass and strength and decreased __________ density
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
The sweat glands that communicate with skin surfaces throughout the body, producing a secretion that is primarily water, are
a. apocrine glands. b. merocrine glands. c. sebaceous glands. d. ceruminous glands.