Which of the following has the most direct effect of minimizing the risk of heart disease?
A. Avoiding alcoholic beverages
B. Avoiding smoking
C. Having an annual physical examination
D. Having hormone therapy
Answer: B. Avoiding smoking
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School board members have authority to require that reasonable time shall be given to the study of a prescribed curriculum in public schools
Indicate whether the statement is true(T) or false(F).
Calculate Cramér’s 
for the following data:
a. .01
b. .02
c. .08
d. .14
Grace conducts research on race and achievement in mathematics. She designs a study to investigate whether a new intervention she designed increases African-American students' math achievement scores. She randomly assigns college-bound African-American students to the intervention or to a control condition. Grace gives a mathematics achievement test in September to both groups. Through the
academic year the treatment condition receives the intervention. She uses end of year achievement tests to see whether there are differences between conditions. Which of the following best represents the design of Grace's study? a. One-group posttest-only b. One-group pretest-posttest c. Pretest-posttest control group d. Two by two factorial
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when designing the daily schedule in an early childhood program?
a. the teachers' values and goals b. the building c. children's needs and developmental stages d. the mood of the teachers