The nurse knows that patients who are in shock have special nutritional needs; these special nutritional needs are directly related to the:
A) Use of albumin as a food source by the body because of the need for increased caloric intake
B) Loss of fluids due to stress ulcers and decreased stomach acids due to increased parasympathetic activity
C) Release of catecholamines that creates an increase in metabolic rate and caloric requirements
D) Increase in gastrointestinal function during shock and the resulting diarrhea.
Ans: C
Feedback: Nutritional support is an important aspect of care for patients in shock. Patients in shock may require 3000 calories daily; this is directly related to the release of catecholamines and the resulting increase in metabolic rate and caloric requirements.
Option A is good answer, but all body proteins are used during times of great stress, resulting in generalized muscle wasting. Option B is incorrect; the special nutritional needs of shock are not related to increased parasympathetic activity but to increased sympathetic activity. Option D is incorrect; gastrointestinal function does not increase during shock, it decreases.
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