Regarding the development of the respiratory system, maternity nurses should be aware that:
a. The respiratory system does not begin developing until after the embryonic stage.
b. The infant's lungs are considered mature when the lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio is 1:1, at about 32 weeks.
c. Maternal hypertension can reduce maternal-placental blood flow, accelerating lung maturity.
d. Fetal respiratory movements are not visible on ultrasound scans until at least 16 weeks.
C
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A Development of the respiratory system begins during the embryonic phase and continues into childhood.
B The infant's lungs are mature when the L/S ratio is 2:1, at about 35 weeks.
C A reduction in placental blood flow stresses the fetus and increases blood levels of corticosteroids, thus accelerating lung maturity.
D Lung movements have been seen on ultrasound scans at 11 weeks.
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