Which personality theorist referred to the traits shared by
members of a culture as common traits and the unique qualities of a particular person as individual traits, classified as cardinal, central, and secondary traits?
a. Raymond Cattell
b. Julian Rotter
c. Gordon Allport
d. Alfred Adler
ANSWER: c
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Consciousness refers to:
a. the internal processes that people use to set priorities for mental functioning b. the effortless background processing of environmental stimuli c. schematic reorganization of mental structures d. the subjective awareness of internal and external events
Short-term dynamic therapy is a modern version of ____
a. ?humanistic therapy b. rational-emotive therapy c. ?cognitive therapy d. ?psychoanalysis
Empathy ________ a sympathetic, prosocial behavior because ________.
A. always prompts; feeling the emotions of others creates the motivation to act B. always prompts; prosocial behavior provides a way to alleviate the distress associated with the experience of empathy C. does not always prompt; poor emotion regulators can be overwhelmed by their feelings when faced with someone in need D. does not always prompt; even a secure parent-child attachment relationship does not affect children's likely reactions when faced with someone in need
Dozens of social-psychological experiments on the topic of social facilitation have employed people and a variety of animals and insects. One consistent finding has emerged from these many studies:
a. Simple tasks are not affected by the presence of others, but complex tasks are.
b. The presence of others enhances performance on simple tasks.
c. Simplicity is the most dominant response in the presence of others.
d. Difficult tasks are more arousing than simple tasks.