Agatha is a graduate student studying behavioral genetics. In other words, she is most likely learning about ____.?
a. ?the characteristics of a single individual rather than differences between individuals
b. ?how hereditary factors cause behaviors and traits, independent of environment
c. ?how genes and the environment influence specific aspects of development
d. ?how children learn about the world independent of instructions from adults
ANSWER:
c
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Whenever Ridgley has a headache, he takes two aspirin tablets. Shortly thereafter, the pain goes away. The next time the headache shows up, Ridgley is more likely to take an aspirin. In learning theory, we would say that Ridgley's behavior of taking the aspirin has been a. negatively reinforced. b. positively reinforced. c. negatively punished
d. positively punished.
Chapter 5 discusses a study by Mary Ann Foley and her coauthors, in which participants listened to a list of concrete nouns
Students in one group were told to visualize each object; students in another group were told to imagine themselves using the object. One important finding was that a. people remembered more nouns in the "visualize" condition. b. people often imagined themselves using the object, even if they were in the "visualize" condition. c. people apparently follow a researcher's instructions quite carefully. d. there was no evidence for the self-reference effect.
Which of the following is necessary when conducting a task analysis?
a. identify all responses necessary to perform the task b. identify the discriminative stimulus associated with each behavior c. list the individual component behaviors in the proper sequence d. all of these
Scientists concerned with the extent to which traits, abilities, and behaviors are influenced by combinations of genes and experience are called
a. ethologists. c. behavior geneticists. b. biologists. d. psychologists.