Randomization strengthens an experimental study in which of these ways?
a. It reduces the risk that a subject will be harmed by participation in the study.
b. It ensures that the experimental group and the control group have the same number of participants.
c. It allows the study to proceed without the researcher knowing which group is the experimental treatment group.
d. It increases the likelihood that the differences in outcomes between the groups are not related to chance alone.
ANS: D
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A Randomization does not protect a research subject from harm.
B Sampling techniques such as quota sampling ensure equal group size, not randomization.
C Randomization does not blind the researcher to treatment group versus control group.
D Randomization helps to ensure that any group differences that emerge in a study are related to the treatment condition and not to chance alone.
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