What age-related changes are related to constipation? (Select all that apply.)
a. Diminished abdominal muscle tone
b. Reduced activity level
c. Inadequate fluid intake
d. Increased dietary fiber
e. Dependence on laxatives
ANS: A, B, C, E
Increased dietary fiber and bulk help prevent constipation.
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A 53-year-old, 80-kg patient is admitted to the cardiac surgical intensive care unit after cardiac surgery
Four hours after admission to the surgical intensive care unit at 4 PM, the patient has stable vital signs and normal arterial blood gases (ABGs) and is placed on a T-piece for ventilatory weaning. During the nurse's 7 PM (1900) assessment, the patient is restless, heart rate has increased to 110 beats/min, respirations are 36 breaths/min, and blood pressure is 156/98 mm Hg. The cardiac monitor shows sinus tachycardia with 10 premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) per minute. Pulmonary artery pressures are elevated. The nurse suctions the patient and obtains pink, frothy secretions. Loud crackles are audible throughout lung fields. The nurse notifies the physician, who orders an ABG analysis, electrolyte levels, and a portable chest x-ray study. In communicating with the physician, which statement indicates the nurse understands what is likely occurring with the patient? a. "May we have an order for cardiac enzymes? This patient is exhibiting signs of a myocardial infarction." b. "My assessment indicates potential fluid overload." c. "The patient is having frequent PVCs that are compromising the cardiac output." d. "The patient is having a hypertensive crisis; what medications would you like to order?"
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention to prevent development of postoperative paralytic ileus when caring for a postsurgical client?
A) Encourage progressive activity. B) Report large amounts of emesis. C) Encourage ambulation. D) Administer prescribed bulk-forming laxatives.
The nurse is conducting a body system assessment of the newborn. Which are abnormal findings that the nurse should report? (Select all that apply.)
a. Low-set ears b. Yellow sclera c. A doll's eye sign d. Edema of the eyelids e. Absence of the grasp reflex
In a qualitative research report, the thematic analysis of the data would be presented in the:
A) Introduction B) Methods section C) Results section D) Discussion section