A nurse is reviewing medications with a client recently diagnosed with COPD. The client asks how they can prevent further exacerbations of the COPD. Which should be included in the plan of care regarding COPD?(Select all that apply.)
1. Smoking cessation
2. Exercise
3. Healthy eating program
4. Take medications as prescribed
5. Use oxygen therapy as needed
1, 4, 5
Rationale 1: Smoking cessation is paramount in preventing exacerbations of COPD.
Rationale 2: The client may already have difficulty with ADLs or the slightest activity.
Rationale 3:A healthy eating program will not benefit the respiratory condition.
Rationale 4: Taking medications as prescribed will assist in keeping the disease stable.
Rationale 5: Oxygen therapy is necessary if ordered.
Global Rationale: Two primary disorders classified as COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Both are associated with smoking tobacco products and air pollutants. After years of chronic inflammation, the bronchioles lose their elasticity and the alveoli dilate to maximum size to get more air into the lungs. The patient suffers from extreme dyspnea from even the slightest physical activity. Long-term oxygen therapy assists breathing. Taking medications as prescribed is also important to the disease process.
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