A nurse has collected several research findings for evidence-based practice. Which article will be the best for the nurse to use?
a. An article that uses randomized controlled trials (RCT)
b. An article that is an opinion of expert committees
c. An article that uses qualitative research
d. An article that is peer-reviewed
ANS: A
Individual RCTs are the highest level of evidence or "gold standard" for research. A peer-reviewed article means that a panel of experts has reviewed the article; this is not a research method. Qualitative research is valuable in identifying information about how patients cope with or manage various health problems and their perceptions of illness. It does not usually have the robustness of an RCT. Expert opinion is on the bottom of the hierarchical pyramid of evidence.
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