The client has had a fever for 3 days and has lost 7 pounds. Laboratory tests show the client's blood osmolarity to be 322 mOsm/L, with a blood sodium level of 148 mmol/L (mEq/L). What is the correct interpretation of this data?
A. Relative dehydration
B. Isotonic dehydration
C. Hypertonic dehydration
D. Hypotonic dehydration
C
Prolonged fever induces a nearly pure water loss. Hypertonic dehydration occurs when water loss from the extracellular fluid is greater than a proportionate electrolyte loss. Thus, the remaining ECF is hypertonic, with higher than normal electrolyte values, even though the total body fluid is decreased.
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While creating a methadone protocol for a patient rehabilitating from heroin addiction, the nurse explains that the patient will take methadone:
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Which interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care for an adolescent client who is on complete bed rest after spinal fusion surgery secondary to scoliosis to prevent complications associated with immobility? Select all that apply
1. Encouraging use of the spirometer every 2 hours while the child is awake 2. Log-rolling the client every 2 hours while awake 3. Increasing intake of milk to maintain bone calcium 4. Increasing fruit and grains in the diet 5. Limiting fluid intake to reduce the need to void
Which of the following questions should the nurse use to begin an ethnographic interview with a newly admitted adult client from Egypt?
A) "How have you been feeling during the past week" B) "Why are you here?" C) "What is making you feel pain?" D) "Can you describe your family?"
Examples of mechanical digestion include
a. activity of salivary amylase in the mouth. b. churning and mixing of food in the stomach. c. action of bile breaking fats into smaller droplets. d. effects of secretin in stimulating the pancreas to release bicarbonate.