Hagfish, lampreys, gnathostomes, mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are all vertebrates and are sometimes referred to as the subphylum Craniata: animals with a cranium. Amphioxus and ascidians are not in Craniata
How does mapping characters associated with the neural crest assist us in understanding the evolution of complex traits?
What will be an ideal response?
ANS:
The neural crest is directly associated with the evolution of a cranium. Given that the neural crest is involved in many head characters, this suggests that novel neural crest cells may be responsible for the evolution of a major complex trait in chordates. The similar, yet different, cells found in related species suggests that the neural crests cells evolved from those other cells.
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Which of the following is a type of interaction in which both parties are harmed?
A. commensalism B. amensalism C. mutualism D. competition E. predation
A zygote is formed ____
a. after a fertilized egg undergoes mitotic divisions to mature b. by the fusion of male and female somatic cells c. by the fusion of egg and sperm nuclei d. directly by meiosis in fungi e. by the mitotic divisions of spores in plants
Starting with one molecule of glucose, the energy-containing products of glycolysis are _____
A) 2 NAD+, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP B) 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP C) 2 FADH2, 2 pyruvate, and 4 ATP D) 6 CO2, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP
A chemical that enables some animals to communicate over long distance is called a
A. hormone. B. pheromone. C. ketone. D. All of these answers are true.