Which of the following is false regarding bronchitis?
a. It can result from chronic irritation of the
ciliated lining of the bronchioles.
b. Irritated epithelial cells decrease their production
of mucus.
c. Bacteria colonize the epithelial mucus.
d. Early attacks are treatable.
e. Fibrous scar tissue forms in chronic bronchitis.
Answer: b
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The neurotransmitter acetylcholine induces vasodilation in intact blood vessels due to release of
A. nitric oxide from the endothelium. B. nitric oxide from the smooth muscle layer. C. nitric oxide from the lymphatic system. D. carbon monoxide from the endothelium. E. norepinephrine from the endothelium.
Which of the following is the most recent plant adaptation to have evolved?
A. Vascular system B. Flowers C. Seeds D. Cones
Why doesn't every cell in the body respond to every hormone circulating in the bloodstream?
a. Each cell has a limited number of protein channels that shuttle hormones through its membrane. b. Not all hormones can diffuse through all cell membranes. c. The concentration of some hormones is too low to stimulate every cell. d. Each cell has specific surface receptors, which interact only with hormones that they recognize. e. Although all hormones bind to all cell surfaces, some cells lack second messengers for expression.
If you want to set up a controlled experiment to determine the effects of caffeine on sleeping behavior in mice, you take a group of mice and divide it into two groups. Both are fed the same food, both are watered, both have 12 hours daylight, and 12 hours dark. Group one is given caffeine. What is appropriate to give to group two?
A. 2 ´ amount of caffeine B. 1/2 ´ amount of caffeine C. No caffeine D. Caffeine in different form