What instruction should a nurse give when teaching the patient to cough effectively after surgery?
a. Breathe through the nose, hold breath, and exhale slowly.
b. Take three deep breaths and cough from the chest.
c. Inhale while contracting the abdominal muscles and exhale while contracting the diaphragm.
d. Take short, frequent panting breaths and cough from the throat to clear accumulated mucus.
ANS: B
Because lung ventilation is vital, the nurse assists the patient to turn, cough, and breathe deeply every 1 to 2 hours until the chest is clear. Having practiced this combination preoperatively, the patient is usually adequately able to remove trapped mucus and surgical gases.
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