Provide a brief overview of the major theories supporting knowledge of social-emotional development

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory presents a hierarchy of human needs where physiological needs represent the base and self-actualization represents the pinnacle. Within this model, children need environments in which they feel safe and secure, relationships supporting love and belonging, and to feel valued and competent, supporting self-esteem and self-conpetence. Attachment theory refers to the quality of relationships children have in their first years of life and how these relationships affect their lifelong quality of relationships. To develop a secure attachment, children need trusting, nurturing relationships with primary caregivers. According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, children pass through stages of psychosocial development impacted by the successful attainment of developmental tasks. During these developmental tasks, children need to learn trust through quality interactions and consistent responses to their attempts at communication. Children learn autonomy through completing tasks on their own, and initiative through free exploration and taking risks. Children also develop a sense of confidence and worth through successfully interacting with the environment.