City A has a population of people who are exposed to HIV, whereas City B has a population of people who are considered nonexposed to HIV. There were 3,267 new HIV cases in a given year for City A, with a population (exposed) of 10,000,000
There were only 5 new HIV cases in the same year for City B, with a population (nonexposed) of 150,000. Which is the attributable risk of HIV occurring in City A in terms of cases per 100,000 population?
A) 3.33
B) 13.55
C) 29.34
D) 32.67
Ans: C
Feedback:
Attributable risk is calculated by subtracting the incidence rate in a nonexposed population from the incidence rate in an exposed population. In this case, we first need to calculate the individual incidence rates for City A and City B and then subtract to find the attributable risk for City A. The incidence rate for City A is calculated as follows: 3,267/10,000,000 = 0.0003267 × 100,000 = 32.67 cases per 100,000 population. The incidence rate for City B is calculated as follows: 5/150,000 = 0.0000333 × 100,000 = 3.33 cases per 100,000 population. The attributable risk for HIV occurring in City A, then, is calculated as follows: 32.67 – 3.33 = 29.34 cases per 100,000 population.
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