How does the synthesis of proteins that are destined to be secreted differ from that of proteins with functions inside the cell?
A. Proteins destined to be secreted have a signal sequence.
B. Proteins destined to be secreted are synthesized on free ribosomes.
C. Proteins destined to be secreted are packaged into secretory vesicles in the granular endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Only proteins destined for secretion need transfer RNA to be synthesized.
E. Genes for proteins with functions inside the cell are located in the cytoplasm.
A
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Gray rami from the sympathetic trunk connect to
A. the cranial nerves. B. every fourth spinal nerve. C. all spinal nerves. D. alternating spinal nerves. E. None of the choices is correct; the gray rami carry impulses to the sympathetic trunk.
At an excitatory synapse, an action potential in the presynaptic neuron increases
a. the membrane potential of the postsynaptic cell membrane b. the permeability of the postsynaptic cell to Na+ c. the permeability of the postsynaptic cell to Cl- d. the presynaptic neuron's membrane potential e. all of the above
During a primary response to antigen exposure, all of the following occur except
A) the antigen must activate appropriate B cells. B) B cells may take time to develop into plasma cells and memory cells. C) antibody levels do not peak until 1 to 2 weeks after the initial exposure. D) neutrophils invade the surrounding areas, releasing chemotactic substances. E) the first immunoglobulins to appear in circulation are of the IgM type.
The movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of less concentration is called
A. endocytosis. B. osmosis. C. diffusion. D. facilitated diffusion. E. active transport.