Josephine bought her six-year-old nephew, Joseph, a new set of paints for his birthday. Hoping to encourage the little artist, Josephine promised Joseph one dollar for every painting. Joseph thinks that is quite a lot of money. According to research by Lepper and colleagues (1973) on overjustification effects, which of the following is most likely to occur?
a. Joseph will come to see painting pictures as a way to make money, not as something enjoyable in itself.
b. Joseph will develop a love for painting and will want to be an artist when he grows up.
c. Joseph will continue to paint even if his aunt eventually stops rewarding him with money.
d. The paintings for which Joseph receives money will be judged as better quality than the paintings for which hedoes not receive any money.
a
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When children start learning their second language at age 5 to 9 years, they __________.
A. generally slow down in the learning of the first language B. generally learn the second language as quickly as the first when it is taught in school, even if the second language is not spoken at home C. will never become as fluent in the second language as the first D. learn the second language as quickly as the first, but only when it is spoken across multiple contexts (school, home, and community)
A psychodynamic therapist finds that a client has difficulty with the __________ method and concludes that the client is having difficulty breaking through his defenses against unconscious impulses
a. free association c. catharsis b. defense mechanism d. resistance
Adolescents whose parents engage in __________ decision making achieve better academically
A) joint B) permissive C) authoritarian D) idealistic
Studies have shown that individuals suffering __________ are two to four times more likely to develop dementia later in life, compared to those who do not have this.
A. mild cognitive impairment (MCI) B. traumatic brain injury (TBI) C. chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) D. posttraumatic stress syndrome (PTSD)