Discuss the overall role of the B vitamins.
What will be an ideal response?
The B vitamins help the body to use the fuel provided by carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Some B vitamins—thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, and biotin—form part of the co-enzymes that assist enzymes in the release of energy from carbohydrate, fat, and protein. Other B vitamins play other indispensable roles in metabolism. For example, vitamin B6 assists enzymes that metabolize amino acids. Folate and vitamin B12 help cells to multiply. Among these cells are the red blood cells and the cells lining the GI tract—cells that deliver energy to all the others.
The vitamin portion of a coenzyme allows a chemical reaction to occur; the remaining portion of the coenzyme binds to the enzyme. Without its coenzyme, an enzyme cannot function. Thus, symptoms of B vitamin deficiencies directly reflect the disturbances of metabolism caused by a lack of coenzymes.
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a. 1–2 b. 2–4 c. 4–6 d. 6–8 e. 8–9
A researcher is authoring a systematic review on the possible connection between diet and heart disease. Which of the following study types will she consider to give the strongest evidence of a causal effect?
What is a congregate meal?
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What Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) value is used in setting the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)
A. Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) B. Adequate Intake (AI) C. Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) D. Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)