A person who has difficulty swallowing is diagnosed as having esophageal achalasia, a condition that involves the ANS. What division and action would you expect to be the cause of this problem?

A) defects in both sympathetic and parasympathetic responses, causing esophageal spasms
B) sympathetic, which causes too-rapid peristaltic movement of the esophagus
C) a defect in the sympathetic swallowing center that coordinates esophageal contraction
D) parasympathetic, which causes excessive and irregular esophageal contraction
E) None of the answers are correct.


D) parasympathetic, which causes excessive and irregular esophageal contraction

Anatomy & Physiology

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By placing your fingers at the T5 vertebra, you can locate which organ?

A. Spleen B. Kidney C. Lung D. Brain

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Bourgeonal, a molecule that gives rise to the floral odor of lilies of the valley, may be secreted from the ___________ (layer of cells around the egg) and serves as a chemoattractant for ____________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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Which muscle is the agonist for sitting up?

A) rectus abdominis B) transversus abdominis C) linea alba D) external oblique

Anatomy & Physiology