Describe the accuracy of gender stereotypes for the domains of personality, cognitive ability, and communication. Detail the results for discrepancy, direction, and rank order accuracy.
What will be an ideal response?
According to one study by Halpern and colleagues (2011), stereotypes regarding cognitive abilities accurately place girls and women ahead of boys and men on most verbal tasks. They also accurately place boys and men ahead of girls and women on the majority of math and science tasks. However, people also tend to underestimate the size of real sex differences in some cognitive domains. Regarding the big five personality dimensions, people accurately stereotype women as higher than men on dimensions of extraversion related to warmth. They also accurately stereotype men as higher than women on dimensions of extraversion related to assertiveness. Overall, personality stereotypes are accurate for both direction and size in most cases. Stereotypes for sex differences in communication (e.g., number of interruptions, likelihood to use hands while speaking etc.) are also accurate in terms of direction with one exception: women are stereotyped as talking more than men but no such sex difference in talkativeness exists. Finally research on rank order accuracy has found that gender stereotypes offer reasonably accurate information about the relative sizes of sex differences across domains of personality, cognitive abilities, and communication.
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