For a star of Sun-like mass, what is the last stage of the nuclear fusion?
a. Hydrogen to helium
b. Helium to carbon and oxygen
c. Carbon to magnesium
d. Fusion goes all the way up to iron.
b
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The Sun crosses the celestial equator going southward at the point called the _____
A) vernal equinox B) winter solstice C) summer solstice D) autumnal equinox
Almost all of the complex molecules found in space are based on ________ atoms
A) hydrogen B) iron C) carbon D) oxygen E) silicon
Which answer below is not a statement of the second law of thermodynamics?
a. Real processes proceed in a preferred direction. b. Energy does not flow spontaneously by heat from a cold to a hot reservoir. c. The entropy of the universe increases in all natural processes. d. In theory, heat engines working in a cycle employ reversible processes. e. You cannot construct a heat engine, operating in a cycle that does nothing but take heat from a reservoir and perform an equal amount of work.
What do we mean when we say that the Sun is in energy balance?
A) The amount of energy released by fusion in the Sun's core equals the amount of energy radiated from the Sun's surface into space. B) The Sun maintains a steady rate of energy output into space. C) The inward force of gravity balances the outward push of pressure. D) The amount of energy contained in the Sun's magnetic field is in balance with the amount of energy going into solar activity such as sunspots and solar flares.