The nurse is conducting an early pregnancy class for a group of pregnant women. Which statement indicates a need for further education about the placenta?
1. "It develops and grows larger until about 20 weeks' gestation."
2. "It floats in the amniotic sac and filters waste products from the fetus."
3. "It creates hormones and enzymes that are necessary during pregnancy."
4. "It ages and becomes less permeable during the last month of pregnancy."
2
Explanation:
1. The chorionic villi of the placenta become more differentiated with time. The placenta grows in size until about 20 weeks. After this point, the placenta thickens but does not increase in size.
2. The placenta is attached to the uterine wall, and does not float in the amniotic sac. One function of the placenta is to filter metabolic waste products from the baby's blood so that they can be excreted by the mother.
3. The placenta creates glycogen, cholesterol, hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and enzymes such as sulfatase and insulinase.
4. The placenta is designed to last for 40 weeks, the average length of human gestation. The permeability to nutrients and oxygen begins to decrease starting at about 36 weeks as a part of the aging of the placenta.
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