In this chapter's "Focus on Globalization" section, scientists trace the global spread of anatomically modern humans by constructing a global phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). What have we learned from this tree?
A. The Americas were settled by multiple haplogroups rather than by a single ancestral population.
B. Modern humans spread out of Africa over a million years ago.
C. There was only one wave of migration into North and South America.
D. The Ice Age temporarily halted early human migrations.
E. Human migrations were not influenced by global climate change.
Answer: A
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What will be an ideal response?
Illness is defined as a(n)
A. nonexistent ailment (only "diseases" are real).
B. artificial product of biomedicine.
C. scientifically identified health threat.
D. purely linguistic problem.
E. socially constructed condition.
Which statement about cultural relativism is NOT true?
a. It requires that anthropologists attempt to understand other cultures on each culture’s terms. b. It requires that anthropologists abandon their own ethical standards. c. It is a principle that is central to cultural anthropology. d. It is intended to counter the influence of ethnocentrism.
Explain the differences among cultural universals, generalities, and particularities. Illustrate your answer with examples.
What will be an ideal response?