The nurse explains to a patient undergoing karyotyping that this test will:
A) examine nucleotide changes in a gene.
B) detect small deletions or structural abnormalities of the chromosomes and DNA.
C) examine the visual appearance of chromosome structure and number.
D) detect single gene mutations.
C) examine the visual appearance of chromosome structure and number.
Explanation: A) Single-gene sequencing is designed to detect nucleotide changes anywhere in the gene.
B) Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has been utilized both for rapid detection of chromosome number and for targeting specific DNA sequences. This test can detect small deletions or structural abnormalities that are not seen in standard karyotyping.
C) Karyotyping is a test used to examine the visual appearance of chromosome structure and number. This type of genetic testing can identify aneuploidy and triploidy as well as translocations and other gross chromosomal structural abnormalities. However, it cannot detect single-gene mutations.
D) Single-gene sequencing is designed to detect nucleotide changes anywhere in the gene.
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