In her speech advocating volunteering, Penny remarked, "By volunteering you get a chance to become more than a spectator in your city; you gain a sense of community spirit and start to see yourself as part of a community of neighbors and friends."

Penny has made a motivational appeal based primarily on the need for __________.
a) belonging
b) safety
c) self-actualization
d) self-esteem


Answer: a

Communication & Mass Media

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