Why were coffeehouses and salons sometimes said to be creating a “Republic of Letters”?
a) Like universities, these institutions fostered a transnational group of broadly educated and well-read individuals.
b) They were both places where illiterate social activists could have their ideas written down.
Consider This: Formal institutions of this period were often very conservative, particularly in matters of method and theology. See 5.3: The Republic of Letters.
c) They self-consciously modeled themselves on Plato’s Republic.
Consider This: Formal institutions of this period were often very conservative, particularly in matters of method and theology. See 5.3: The Republic of Letters.
d) Illiterate people could attend and get a basic education.
Consider This: Formal institutions of this period were often very conservative, particularly in matters of method and theology. See 5.3: The Republic of Letters.
a) Like universities, these institutions fostered a transnational group of broadly educated and well-read individuals.
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What were Cardinal Granvelle's original goals when he led the special council of state in the Netherlands?
A. to establish local autonomy for the seventeen Netherlands provinces B. to decentralize the government and put it in the hands of a Dutch ruler C. to destroy any threats to Margaret of Parma and to establish her as the ruler of the Netherlands D. to break down local autonomy and build a central royal government directed from Madrid
What was the event that led to the Roman Emperor Constantine's conversion to Christianity?
a. A vision appeared to him before a battle. b. A bird omen appeared in the sky. c. A vision appeared to him after a battle. d. A priest explained the faith to him.
Which of the following statements does not accurately describes the War of 1812?
A) It occurred even though Great Britain had decided to seek peace prior to the U.S. declaration of war. B) It was militarily indecisive but left the U.S. as a major power. C) The Battle of New Orleans enabled Americans to win generous terms in the Treaty of Ghent. D) Americans launched a series of unsuccessful attacks on Canada. E) Because of Captain Perry's victory at Put-in-Bay the British abandoned Lake Erie.
By the 1920s, the British response to the various groups of Indian nationalists was to
a. grant immediate independence. b. give some Indians a somewhat greater role in the governing process. c. negotiate with only Hindus inasmuch as India's Moslems were only a small minority. d. use military force to crush any opposition to British rule. e. practice satyagraha.