On the Hawaiian Islands, speciation in Drosophila occurred when a small group of males and females colonized a new
island, where they faced environmental selection pressures. In addition, sexual dimorphism – and therefore, sexual
selection – maintained reproductive isolation from other populations on the new island. These populations, although
closely related, remained ecologically different. These events are examples of ____.
a. a founder effect only
b. genetic drift only
c. adaptive radiation only
d. a founder effect and genetic drift, but not adaptive radiation
e. a founder effect, genetic drift, and adaptive radiation
ANSWER: e
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Which respiratory disease is caused when bacterial enzymes destroy the alveolar walls and the surface area of the lungs declines?
a. Emphysema b. Tuberculosis c. Asthma d. Apnea e. Pneumonia
A person with fair skin produces less __________ than a person with dark skin
a. sebum b. keratin c. melanin d. melatonin e. mucous
The addition of excess nutrients in aquatic habitats can result in
a) oxygenation b) oligotrophication c) eutrophication d) stratification
Many people assume pedigrees are like phylogenies. Which of the following comparisons between pedigrees and phylogenies are true?
a. Both show the splitting and the recombining of branches or lineages over time. b. A pedigree tells us about the ancestry of individuals, while most phylogenies tell us about the ancestry of populations. c. Both expand as one looks backward in time. d. All of the above.