An increase in the H+ ion concentration [H+] of the blood due only to an increase in the arterial PCO2 (hypercapnia) best describes which of the following?
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Respiratory alkalosis
ANS: C
For example, if the pH was lower than 7.35 (denoting an acidosis) and the PaCO2 was higher than 45 mm Hg, according to the H-H equation, the high PaCO2 would indeed lower the pH (i.e., produce an acidosis). Therefore, the respiratory system is at least in part, if not entirely, re-sponsible for the acidosis.
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