Many drugs are produced by placing human genes into bacteria. The bacteria then transcribe and translate these genes into functional human proteins that can then be purified and given as drugs. The fact that this process works is consistent with which statement?
a. Bacteria have evolved to mimic human cells
b. Bacteria cannot divide unless they are inside a host cell
c. Humans and bacteria share a common ancestor
d. Bacteria need to make human proteins to live inside the human body
e. Human and bacteria use different genetic material
Answer: c. Humans and bacteria share a common ancestor
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Mutations in an exon region of a gene are most likely to _____
a. prevent mRNA from being synthesized b. trap mRNA inside the nucleus c. prevent mRNA from being recognized by the ribosome d. prevent mRNA from being post-transcriptionally modified e. alter the amino acid sequence
Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis is particularly important in public health because in this application, microbiologists seek to identify specific microbial pathogens in _________.
A. patient samples B. genetic diseases C. genomic analysis D. food and water
An allele known as BRCA1 is often found in women with breast and ovarian cancer. However, some women develop these cancers and do not have the BRCA1 allele. In addition, some women who have BRCA1 never develop breast or ovarian cancer
How can this be explained? A) It is just chance whether cancer will develop. B) These types of cancers are in no way associated with specific alleles. C) Something other than the gene must factor into whether cancer develops. D) The BRCA1 allele must be dominant.
Epithelial cells serve as a barrier to prevent non-specific movement of chemicals from one side of the epithelium to the other side.
a. true b. false