To examine forced expiratory time, with your stethoscope over the patient's trachea, you measure the length of time that passes when the patient
a. takes a deep breath and exhales as much as possible through the mouth.
b. exhales forcefully through the mouth.
c. inflates a balloon with air.
d. takes a normal breath and exhales as much as possible through the nose.
B
Forced expiratory time is a gross measurement of the forced expiratory volume (FEV). It is the number of seconds it takes for a patient to exhale from total lung capacity to residual volume. It is a screening measure of airflow obstruction. To perform this examination, you place your stethoscope over the patient's trachea. Next, instruct the patient to inhale as deeply as possible and then exhale forcefully through the mouth (as if blowing out a candle). Time the exhalation phase. Normal exhalation occurs in less than 4 seconds. A forced expiration of 6 seconds or more occurs with obstructive lung disease.
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