Spartans were instructed never to outwardly express emotion, no matter what they were feeling. Spartans tended to use which display rule?
A) opposition
B) masking
C) neutralizing
D) intensification
C) neutralizing
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According to fMRI studies, when shown photos of people either displaying neutral or fearful facial expressions, children between 5 and 11 years of age
a. activate entirely different brain areas in children and adults. b. activate the same brain areas as adults, but the two areas are not as strongly interconnected in children as in adults. c. activate the same brain areas as adults, and show equally strong connections between brain areas as adults. d. activate one of the same brain areas as adults, but not a second area commonly activated by adults.
Suppose that researchers have tested a group of high school students on a cognitive task, using well-controlled conditions. Then they created graphs for the scores of the males and females, and they found that the two graphs had only a small overlap. Which of the following conclusions would be most likely?
a. One of the two groups must have greater variability. b. The researchers probably selected biased samples. c. The two genders probably differ in their skill on this task. d. The researchers' findings are consistent with the results of other studies, where there are substantial gender differences on cognitive tasks.
In a study by Baldwin and colleagues (1989), Catholic girls shown subliminal photos of the pope while reading a magazine article about sex reported a decrease in:
A) self-esteem. B) enthusiasm for the Church. C) an internal locus of control. D) self-concept
Sanders and colleagues' study used the N100 response to the sound of a string of nonsense
syllables. The results indicated a. that a segment of a spoken string of letters could be recognized as a "word." b. bottom-up processing of the continuous speech was occurring. c. the importance of context in understanding speech. d. that the participants could organize the letters as syllables but not as words. e. that participants were unable to comprehend anything meaningful in the string.