What is task interdependence? Identify the three levels of task interdependence and give an organizational example for each.
What will be an ideal response?
Task interdependence exists when team members must share common inputs to their
individual tasks, need to interact in the process of executing their work, or receive outcomes
(such as rewards) that are partly determined by the performance of others. The three levels of
interdependence are pooled, sequential and reciprocal.
Pooled interdependence exists where work units operate independently except for reliance on
a common resource or authority. For example, several company divisions depend on the
same corporate pool of money to fund new capital projects.
Sequential interdependence occurs where one person's output is the direct input for another
person or unit. This interdependent linkage is found in manufacturing operations where the
final assembly team depends on subassembly teams to maintain quality parts and sufficient
inventory.
The highest level of interdependence is reciprocal interdependence in which work output is
exchanged back and forth among individuals or work units. This relationship exists in work
teams where work-in-progress is passed back and forth several times before the final service
or product is completed.
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Discuss the significant features of upward communication, including the benefits and the problems. Give examples.
What will be an ideal response?
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1.Voluntary export restraint agreements typically apply to all of the world's exporting nations rather than only the most important exporting nations. 2.For an export quota applied to manufactured goods, foreign exporters tend to capture only a negligible share of the quota's revenue effect. 3.When increases in nonrestraint supply offset part of the cutback in shipments that occur under an export quota, the overall inefficiency loss for the importing country is less than that which would have occurred in the absence of nonrestrained exports. 4.Export quotas, placed on Japanese auto shipments to the United States in the 1980s, led to rising prices of both Japanese autos and U.S.-produced autos purchased by the U.S. consumer. 5.During the 1980s, U.S. steel-using companies (Caterpillar) actively supported the U.S. government's negotiation of voluntary export agreements with foreign steel-exporting countries.
A(n) ________ is made on the spur of the moment without any planning or search effort
A) high-involvement purchase B) commodity purchase C) impulse purchase D) unsought purchase E) fast-moving purchase
The use of the cost price approach when setting transfer prices
a. should not be used when profit and/or investment centers are involved in the transfer. b. requires only fixed costs be used in setting the transfer price. c. uses only budgeted costs. d. will motivate the division manager to make intracompany product transfers.