During a health history interview, a 38-year-old woman shares that she is thinking about having another baby. The nurse knows which statement to be true regarding pregnancy after 35 years of age?
a. Fertility does not start to decline until age 40 years.
b. Occurrence of Down syndrome is significantly more frequent after the age of 35 years.
c. Genetic counseling and prenatal screening are not routine until after age 40 years.
d. Women older than 35 years who are pregnant have the same rate of pregnancy-related complications as those who are younger than 35 years.
ANS: B
The risk of Down syndrome increases as the woman ages, from approximately 1 in 1250 at age 25 years to 1 in 400 at age 35 years. Fertility declines with advancing maternal age. Women 35 years and older or with a history of a genetic abnormality are offered genetic counseling and the options of prenatal diagnostic screening tests. Because the incidence of chronic diseases increases with age, women older than 35 years who are pregnant more often have medical complications such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension.
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