Explain clonal expansion and the roles and interactions of effector cells, memory cells, naive lymphocytes, and plasma cells.
What will be an ideal response?
Clonal expansion is the increase in population of a lymphocyte of a particular antigen specificity, as a result of
exposure to that antigen. Lymphocytes produced during clonal expansion differentiate either into effector cells,
which produce the immune response and die within a few days, or memory cells, which persist for years and
continue to reproduce. Naive lymphocytes are those present at birth, with antigen specificity already determined,
but in small numbers because they have not yet been exposed to the antigen and undergone clonal expansion.
Plasma cells are the effector B lymphocytes, which become specialized for producing and secreting large amounts of
antibody.
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Which of the following muscles compresses the abdomen?
A) diaphragm and intercostals B) external oblique and latissimus dorsi C) rectus abdominis and pectoralis major D) transverse abdominis E) external oblique, rectus abdominis, and transverse abdominis
Proprioceptors provide information about which of the following?
A) digestive tract stretch B) blood vessel stretch C) bladder volume D) lung stretch E) arm muscle stretch
Functions of epithelia include all of the following except
A) providing physical protection. B) controlling permeability. C) absorption. D) producing specialized secretions. E) supporting muscle cells.
The heart occupies a space called the pericardial cavity between the parietal and visceral pericardium.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)