We noted that many features typical of vertebrates, such as a distinct head and limbs of some sort for locomotion, are seen in invertebrates such as insects and crustaceans, and even in cephalopods (squid and octopuses)
What characteristic do these animals share with vertebrates that might have led to the independent evolution of such structures?
They are all active animals and thus need to have good senses at the head end and some means of getting around.
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The purpose of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) photoreceptors are
A) to give clear sharp vision. B) to allow us to see in dim light. C) to replace rods as we age. D) influence the circadian rhythm. E) to provide color vision.
An active process for transporting liquid across a plasmalemma is
A) exchange pumps. B) bulk flow. C) phagocytosis. D) pinocytosis. E) None of the answers are correct.
What is the primary glucocorticoid?
a. cortisol b. angiotensin c. aldosterone d. androgens e. testosterone
FSH is necessary for spermiogenesis to occur.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)