Steven Messner and Richard Rosenfeld developed what they call the ______ theory of crime that links crime to the existing social structure.
a. frustration was unintentionally caused
b. hindrance was perceived as being fair
c. institutional-anomie
d. presence of an audience
c. institutional-anomie
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Which professional is involved in specialty court but not criminal court?
a. prosecutor b. defense attorney c. judge d. treatment provider
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. The nature of opportunity affects what, where, how, and against whom crimes are committed 2. According to the routine activity and rational choice theories, crime occurs in the context of the everyday lives that offenders and their victims lead. 3. A safe bolted into the floor is an example of a suitable target. 4. According to routine activity theory, offenders do not wander randomly looking for crime opportunities; rather they engage in patterned behaviors, typically traveling to certain areas but not others and traveling only so far from home. 5. Places that have a high amount of crime often have effective place managers.
Which of the following is not an advantage of the professional model for law enforcement?
a. Public or client better served b. Effective problem solving c. Officers conduct their affairs ethically d. Cost of training and development e. Higher salaries for professional performance.
Reintegrative shaming extends disapproval to an offender's deeds while casting the offender as a respected person who can be reaccepted by society
Indicate whether the statement is true or false