Define the psychoanalytic concept of defense mechanisms, and describe any three defense mechanisms identified by Freud.
What will be an ideal response?
Defense mechanisms are employed by the ego to protect against feelings of anxiety that result when the ego is unable to restrain the sexual
Denial
Refusing to recognize or believe the reality of a situation
Displacement
Redirecting an unconscious and unacceptable wish or drive toward a more acceptable alternative
Projection
Attributing an unconsciously experienced impulse or feeling to someone else
Rationalization
The use of conscious reasoning to explain away anxiety-inducing thoughts and feelings
Reaction Formation
Changes an unacceptable desire by adopting the opposite stance
Regression
A retreat to an earlier stage of development, such as childhood or infancy, due to psychological stress
Repression
A process that blocks anxiety-provoking thoughts from the conscious mind
Sublimation
A form of displacement where unacceptable urges are redirected into more appropriate activities
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About ________ of children are born to single mothers in the United States
a. 15% b. 21% c. 41% d. 62%
Which of the following is impossible?
a. A test with high reliability and high validity b. A test with low reliability and low validity c. A test with high reliability and low validity d. A test with low reliability and high validity
For children up through about the 3rd grade, a friendly examiner
a. significantly affects performance on a test. b. does not significantly affect performance on a test. c. increased IQ scores by nearly one standard deviation. d. decreased IQ scores by nearly one standard deviation.
Rick and Leah are fourteen and "going out.". Both are dating for the first time. It is likely that they feel that it is important to be involved with someone and that the relationship affords them status. It is unlikely that this relationship will become a strong source of emotional support
Indicate whether the statement is true or false