What were the problems that Blacks faced as they migrated from the Southern U.S. into Los Angeles in the 1920s?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Answer: Institutional inequality (in housing, education, & employment) and restrictive housing covenants made much of L.A. off-limits to most minorities, although Blacks sought to challenge such covenants

Notes: Third Period of LA gang growth (1950-1980)

- much like in the Midwest, Black GANGS in the west emerged as southern Blacks migrated west for better employment opportunities- institutional inequality ( in housing, education, & employment) and restrictive housing covenants made much of LA off limits To most minorities, although blacks sought to challenge such covenants- Alonso (2004) suggested black gang formation in LA is primarily due to:1. A defensive response to white violence beginning in the late 1940s.2. Residential segregation, police brutality, and racially motivated violence in the aftermath of the Civil Rights Mvmnt 1970s- Black gangs were less territorial compared to Mexican American gangs allowing them to encompass larger areas and become more serious gangs- as black gangs evolved and increased in numbers, they came into more frequent conflict with each other. This led to the formation of two primary groups (CRIPS & Bloods ). Initially formed for protection, these groups increasingly became involved in drug and gun sales and expanded into other areas of LA including Compton in Inglewood- Mexican gangs also grew as a result of the Vietnam war (loss of positive role models in barrios), the ending of the war on poverty ( fewer jobs and increased marginalization), & Chicano civil rights movement (brought attention to the marginalization of Mexicans)