Which theorist is the nurse modeling when encouraging the patient to develop, strengthen, and use self-efficacy to maintain or regain mental health and wellness?
1. B. F. Skinner
2. Albert Bandura
3. Jean Piaget
4. Sigmund Freud
Answer: 2
Explanation: Bandura contended that an individual not only reacts to a stimulus but also has the ability to adapt and reinforce positive, healthier responses to the stimulus. This concept, known as self-efficacy, is best reflected when the nurse encourages the patient to develop, strengthen, and use self-efficacy to maintain or regain mental health and wellness. Skinner examined human responses to stimuli. Piaget's theory involved components that explained children and adolescent behavior according to various ages. Freud's theory focuses on psychoanalysis, not self-efficacy.
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