Describe the role of judges in protecting and expanding civil liberties and rights.
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Judges have taken the lead in protecting and expanding civil rights and liberties.
2. Activist judges, who along with other supporters of civil liberties are called civil libertarians, issue decisions in class action suits.
3. Judges may rely on court-appointed experts to do the research needed to resolve complicated social issues.
4. To decide a case, they may use not only previous cases and laws but also the equity powers of the judiciary. Equity is used to prevent permanent damage in situations not covered by existing law.
5. Some judges show greater restraint in civil liberties and civil rights cases. These judges follow precedent rather than expand constitutional protections. They place great weight on the policies of Congress, the president, and state legislatures, even when these restrict civil rights and liberties.
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The military-industrial complex consists of __________.
A. governmental agencies, industrial corporations, and research institutes B. the military, Congress, and the executive branch C. defense contractors, lobbyists, and research institutes D. the executive branch, Congress, and the judiciary
What is an iron triangle?
A. a hypothetical arrangement among a president, congressional member, and a SupremeCourt justice B. a hypothetical arrangement among an interest group, congressional committee member, and a bureaucratic agency C. a formal grouping of lobbyists, a congressional member, and the president D. a formal grouping of citizens, representatives, and judges
The most important logic of a fiscal cliff or a debt ceiling is that it motivates both sides to reach a compromise.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Under Margaret Thatcher, the British Conservatives wanted to __________
a. dismantle the welfare state b. distribute wealth more evenly c. promote an official state religion d. implement Keynesian economic policies