What is essential hypertension? A number of behavioral approaches to the treatment of hypertension follow either a single-component or multicomponent protocol. Describe these protocols
What will be an ideal response?
Essential hypertension (also known as primary hypertension) is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by chronically elevated blood pressure. It is believed to be related to overactivity of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system. There have been a number of behavioral approaches to the treatment of hypertension that follow either a single-component or multicomponent protocol. The single component biofeedback approach typically uses a constant blood pressure cuff procedure to directly feedback this targeted physiological response.
On the other hand, the multicomponent approach typically uses biofeedback-assisted relaxation training (usually temperature feedback or EMG feedback) augmented with non-biofeedback approaches such as training in progressive muscle relaxation, autogenic approaches, or meditation. Home practice of relaxation and home monitoring of blood pressure are also typical components of the multicomponent approach. As noted by Fahrion, Norris, Green, Green, & Snarr, (1986), in general the multicomponent indirect approach is more effective than the single component direct approach in the use of biofeedback to treat essential hypertension.
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