What is a Calorie and why is the caloric content of food displayed on nutrition labels? Which contains more energy, 1 gram of fat or 1 gram of sugar? Why?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: One dietary Calorie (capital C) is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius under specific conditions. It is equivalent to 1 thermodynamic kilocalorie. The caloric content of food is displayed on nutrition labels because it measures how much potential energy is in food and thus helps us regulate how much potential energy we take in (eat) per day so we can balance that with our energy usage per day. One gram of fat contains more potential energy (Calories) than 1 gram of sugar. The bonds in lipid (fat) molecules are more reduced and thus have more electrons and energy stored in them. When the electrons are released during oxidation, energy is also released. In sugar molecules, some of the bonds are already oxidized, thus there is less potential energy per gram.
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