Which of the following decreases the ability of malaria species to infect RBCs?
a. Duffy-positive phenotype
b. Heterozygosity for hemoglobin S (Hb S)
c. Hereditary spherocytosis
d. Rh-negative genotype
ANS: B
Heterozygosity for Hb S decreases the ability of malaria species to infect RBCs so infected individuals do not develop severe complications. RBCs lacking the Duffy phenotype are not vulnerable to malaria. Neither the Rh-negative genotype nor hereditary spherocytosis provides protection from infection with malaria.
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