The nurse recognizes that the risk for dehydration in the elderly increases significantly due to which age-related change in renal function?
1. decreased ability of the kidney to concentrate urine
2. hypoplasia
3. presence of renal cysts
4. reduced clearance of drugs excreted by the kidney
Correct Answer: 1
Age-related changes in the kidney include the decreased ability to concentrate urine and compensate for increased or decreased salt intake. When this is combined with diminished effectiveness of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and a reduced thirst response, both age-related, the elderly patient's risk for dehydration increases. Hypoplasia is a congenital renal disorder; renal cysts are hereditary. Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) which is an age-related change in renal function results in reduced clearance of drugs excreted through the kidneys.
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