The patient has been forcefully blowing his nose and now has a nosebleed. The nurse is concerned about the patient's condition and assesses the patient for which possible negative issues? (Select all that apply.)
a. Clearance of nasal passages
b. Injury to the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
c. Damage to nasal mucosa
d. Eye injury
e. Decreased nasal passage pressure
ANS: B, C, D
Caution the patient against harsh blowing that creates pressure capable of injuring the eardrum, nasal mucosa, and even sensitive eye structures. Clearing the nasal passages is the goal of nose blowing and is not a negative issue. Harsh blowing increases (not decreases) nasal passage pressure.
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