In trying to measure the "treatment effect" of taking Tylenol on reducing your "next day's temperature from today", and given the fact that you only take Tylenol when you're feeling sick, which of the following conditions are likely?
A. ETT = ATE
B. Selection Bias > 0
C. Selection Bias < 0
D. ETT > ATE
Answer: B
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The mechanism of pathogenesis by prions may involve a conformational change in the prion protein (PrP) to an abnormal form.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
How many microhabitats does a redwood provide for other organisms?
a. None, but it has its own microhabitat with specific resource requirements. b. None, but many different organisms share its habitat. c. A few, because other organisms live on trees. d. Many, redwoods create a variety of microhabitats because of their large size.
Experiments in which nitrogen supplementation increased the biomass of both plants and herbivores show ____
a. bottom-up control b. top-down control c. indirect control d. inverted cascades e. nutrient cycling
Under what circumstances is a mixed Nash equilibrium the solution to the hawk-dove game?
a. always when the cost of fighting equals the benefit of a victory b. always when the cost of fighting is greater than the benefit of a victory c. always when the strategy of the other player is unpredictable d. when the strategy of the other player is unpredictable and the cost of fighting is greater than the benefit of a victory