In responding to the needs of pediatric patients in pain, the nurse has numerous nonpharmacologic interventions available. These interventions include: Standard Text: Select all that apply
1. Regional nerve block.
2. Cutaneous stimulation.
3. Application of heat.
4. Electroanalgesia.
5. Use of EMLA cream.
2,3,4
Rationale 1: A regional nerve block involves injecting medications in an area that controls pain for a region of the body. It does not provide nonpharmacologic relief.
Rationale 2: Massage and rubbing of the skin as well as swaddling and kangaroo care are nonpharmacologic means of relieving pain.
Rationale 3: The use of heat (and cold) may help reduce pain sensations and utilizes no pharmacologic agents.
Rationale 4: Electrical stimulation to the skin uses the gate control theory to relieve pain.
Rationale 5: EMLA cream is a mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine that is applied to the intact skin. It is a pharmacologic pain relief method.
Global Rationale:
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