Second-order conditioning is defined as ______.
a. a conditional stimulus that provokes more than one conditional response
b. a second conditional stimulus being paired with the original conditional stimulus
c. learned associations of stimuli that are not required for survival (e.g. food, water, shelter)
d. conditioning that is learned for a second time
Ans: B
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Your clock makes a clicking sound just before the alarm. Initially that sound didn't waken you, but now it does, due to classical conditioning. What is the conditioned stimulus?
a. The clicking sound b. The alarm c. Waking up d. The clock
During the preoperational period:
a. children lack the ability to perform certain basic mental operations b. schemata revolve primarily around sensory and motor abilities c. mental operations are tied to actual objects in the real world d. individuals can consider hypothetical outcomes and make logical deductions
After studying the memory difficulties of H.M. and patients like him, it became apparent that
A) Nondeclarative memories cannot be retained but declarative memories can be recalled normally. B) Incoming sensory information bypasses the sensory memory causing severe memory deficits. C) The ability to transfer declarative information from STM into LTM is intact. D) The ability to bring information from long-term memory into working memory is intact.
Martha wants to observe the effects of pain and expectations of pain in the brain. She plans to have her participants perform a task while they are undergoing brain imaging. What type of study approach will Martha use?
A. Case study B. Naturalistic observation C. Correlational D. Experimental